Atomizer.



T. ZWOLINSKI.

ATOMIZER. APPLICATION FILED MAR. I, |1913- RENEWED AUG. I0. 1917,.

Patented Mar. 19v

New

l UI.

THDDEU-S'ZWOLINSKI, 01". SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNlQA.

Aroivrrznia.

Patented Mar. 1 9, 1918;

Application filed `March .1, 1913, Serial No. 751,574. Renewed August 10, 1917. Serial No. 185,629.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, THADDnUs ZwoLiN- snr, a subject of the Czar of Russia, Iresiding in San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful improvements in Atomizers,.of whichthe following is a specilication.

This invention relates particularly to improvements in atomizersused for vspraying fuel oil, whereby the oil is atomized and injected into a combustion chamber in the form of spray.

One of the features of this invention is the use of novel means .to bring about a whirling motion inthe liquid used. i

Another feature `is the novel diaphragm and the discharge orices therein which give a flat flame, a feature .muchdesired .in some types of boilers. A furtherfeature is the elongated entry port together with a cleaning member and valve thereunto appertaining. Y

My invention Vis based on the principleof atomizing a liquid by submitting it to combined hydrostatic pressure and centrifugal force. So, if an inclosed cylinder with a round outlet hole Iin the .center of .one end is used, and liquidl under pressure is conducted to theV cylinder through an inlet opening or slot tangential to said cylinder, then a portion of the .pressure will be converted into the rotation ofthe liquid in the cylinder and the remainder will remain as hydrostatic pressure.

If the outlet hole be closed then no revolution of liquid will occur, andthe vpressureI in the cylinder will be the same as that in the tangential inlet opening or slot. lf the outlet hole is -too large, no hydrostaticvpressure will be left inthe cylinder, all `being transformed into a rotary movement inside of the cylinder, with the-result that as soon as any part of the liquid leaves the cylinder, it will follow a line tangent to the cylinder, provided the outlet opening is of such form as not to destroy the centrifugal power.

If the inlet pipe is not tangent tothe inner wall of theV cylinder, but its center line intersected the center line of the cylinder, 'there is no rotation of the liquid; Hencaby properly combining the pressure rwith the diameters of the inlet vand outlet openings, every particle of liquid leaving `the outlet vhole may be submitted to .two vfences-,fone

due to hydrostatic pressure and directed v along the center line of the cylinder and outlet opening, and the other the centrifugal force, which is tangent to the circle which the liquid describes around the said center line; and because the centrifugal power is a function of radius of rotation, then lthe different parts of a portion of the liquid are subject to different forces wherefrom .results the atomization desired.

Applying the above stated theory, my invention will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the complete structure.

Fig. 2 is a view of a section taken on lines A-A of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 isa view of a modification of the body block shown in Fig. 1 without the cleaning needle.

Fig. 4 is a side view of a helically slotted diaphragm, in which the slots are shown in outline.

Fig.;5 is a-plan view of the same.

Fig. 6 shows views of the helical slottaken on theline A-A, B-B, and C-C, of Fig. 5, respectively.

Fig. 7 is a plan .view of Fig. 5 showing the lines of direction taken by the fuel on leaving the atomizer diaphragm.

yLike numerals refer to vlike parts in the figures. Referring tothe drawings, the numeral 1 designates a tubeor casing forming the body of the structure. Secured to the threaded ends 2 of thiscasing are the heads 3a-nd A. Nithin the tube 1 and fastened to the head 3 by interior screw threads 5 kis a metallic body block G, which is made of two pieces 7 and 8 securely fastened together by screws or `rivets .9. Said body block H6 has a cylindrical chamber or bore 10, open at one end, and an elongated port 11 inthe wall tangent to said bore and connecting the bore with the space within the casing and outside of the body block. Mounted to move reciprocally on the exterior of thebody block 6 is a slide 12 arranged to move over the exterior opening of the port 11 and open or close it. A cleaning member 13 is fastened to the slide 12iby a kscrew 14 and projects from it into the elongated portll, moving with the slide 12 and'acting as a cleaner for any superuous matter. zThe edge ofthe slide 12 opens and closes the port 11 while the cleaning member 13 A.is removingy all carbon or other possible obstacles from the surl face of the port. At the end of the body block 6 is a depression 15 adapted to hold therein a removable insert or diaphragm 16 concentric with the bore 10, said diaphragm having the orifice 17 through which the fuel' escapes from the atomizer. A nut 1S threaded at 19 to head 3 holds the diaphragm in its seat, and a lock nut 2O onl block 6 enables the adjustment of parts 3 and 6, in respect to each other, to be made secure.

Fitting within the chamber or bore 10 and adapted to slide therein is a cylinder 21 wearingon its forward end a needle 22 for cleaning the discharge opening of the chamber and the orifice 17 of diagram insert 16. This cylinder 21 may be actuated by. any means, but as shown in Fig. 1, it is connected to the inner end of the cleaning member 13 and arranged to move in conjunction therewith, the valve slide 12 and port cleaning member 13 being in their extreme forward position, the port being closed, and the diaphragm cleaning needle 22 extending through the insert orifice.'

At the opposite end of the casing 1 and without the head 4 is a handle 23 connected to the rod 24 which passes through the head 4 and extends through the casing 1, terminating at theswivel socket connection 25 in block 26. One end of the slide 12 is connected to this block 26 and on the side of the block 26 opposite to that having the slide connection, is fastened a spring 27, by means of screw 28, which spring 27 is adapted to hold the slide 12 upon the outer ground surface of the body block 6 and over the ex-v terior opening of port 11. The head 14 is provided with two threaded openings for inlet pipes, one 29 for oil under pressure and the other 30 for steam or air, for'blowing off the remaining oil when the burner is to remain idle in a heated furnace. y Y

The use of an insert diaphragm shown in Fig. 4 willrgive a fiat {iame in the form of a fan. Such a ame is often desirable when the burner has to serve furnaces with rectangular sections. For this purpose, instead the liquid, one velocity due to static pressure within the-tube 1 and the other due to the centrifugal power developed by the whirl of liquid resultant of the tangential port 11, (see Fig. 4). l

views of sections of the insert shown in Figs. 4 and 5, taken on the lines A-A, B-B and C-C of Fig. 5, respectively. Fig. 7 is a view of the insert similar to that shown in- Fig. 5 shows a plan view of the same in v sert as shown in Fig. 4. In Fig. 6 are shown Fig. 5, but showing the lines of direction talren by the -fuel after leaving the helical atomizer outlet orifice. n

The operation of the burner is as follows:

Oilunder pressure is admitted through the opening 29 into the head 4, casing y1 and head 3. 1When the handle 23 is. actuated the slide 12 is withdrawn along the groundV surface of body` block 6, kuncovering the tangential port 11. The oil rushes through this port 11 into the chamber 10 and passes with a whirling motion out ofthe chamber 10.

through the diaphragm opening 17 and into the combustion chamber. A reverse movement of the slide 12 will close the port 11, the cleaning member 13 and needle 22 cleaning the port and diaphragm openings respectively, removing all carbon or obstacles of any kind. Upon the oil being turned off from without the oil opening 29, steam or air may be turned into the casing l through oaenin' 30 and any remainin oil ma be c y n 2. A liquid atomizer comprising va body Y block formed with a delivery chamber and alateral longitudinally elongated inlet port tangentially disposed with relationk thereto,

a rec-iprocable slide engagingg'said bodyl bloclr and controlling said port, and a cleaning member `carried by said slide and extending' into said port.

A liquid atomizer comprising a body block formed with a delivery chamberand a lateral longitudinally elongated inlet port,

said chamber having aV forward discharge oriice, a reciprocable slide engaging said .body block and controlling said port, a

cleaning member carried by said slide and extending through said port, and a cleaning needle for said discharge orifice actuated by said cleaning member. V

4. A liquid atomizer comprising'a two part body block formed with a delivery chamber and a lateral longitudinally elongated inlet port, said chamber having a forward vdischarge orifice, a reciprocable slide engaging said body block and controlling said port, a cleaningmember Vcarried by said slide and extending through said port, and

a Vcleaning needle for said discharge orifice actuated by said cleaning member. Y

5; A liquid atomizer comprising a body block formed with a delivery chamber and a lateral longitudinally elongated inlet port, tangentially disposed'with relation thereto, said chamber havingA a forward discharge orifice, a reciprocable slide engaging saidk body block and controlling said port, a spring engaging said body block and the said reciprocable slide to hold them in constant engagement, a cleaning member carried by said slide and extending through said port, and a cleaning needle for said discharge orifice actuated by said cleaning member.

6. In a liquid atomizer, a casing, a body block movably attached to one end oi' said casing, a nut to adjustably lock said casing and body block in relation to each other, said body block formed with a delivery chamber and a lateral longitudinally elongated inlet port, tangentially disposed with relation thereto, said chamber having a forward discharge orifice, a reciprocable slide engaging said body block and controlling said port, a spring engaging said body block and the said reciprocable slide to hold thein in constant engagement, and a cleaning member carried by said slide and extending through said port, and a cleaning needle for said discharge orifice actuated by said cleaning member.

7. ln a liquid atomizer a casing, a body block Within said casing and aliixed thereto and provided with a chamber having a forward discharge outlet, a helically slotted block insert removably secured to the outlet end of said body block, in juxtaposition tosaid outlet and concentric thereto, and a nut for holding said block insert in position, the opening ot said block insert extending across the center of its face.

S. A liquid atomizer having at its discharge end a short delivery channel of substantially uniform diameter in the form oi' a twist drill.

9. A liquid atomia'er having a bore provided with a tangential inlet opening for supplying fuel to said bore and a discharge outlet block arranged axially to said bore and provided with a hclically formed 'ldischarge channel, the direction of said helical channel being substantially that given 'the fuel by the tangential opening to the bore.

l0. A liquid atomizer having a bore provided with an inlet opening for supplying fuel `to said bore and a discharge outlet block arranged axially to said bore and provided with a helically formed discharge channel, said helix including a substantially straight opening through said block in a line with the axis of said bore.

ln testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

THADDEUS ZWOLNSKI. Witnesses H. V. WHEELER, E. l?. LEivANDoWsKI.

Copies of this patent may ce obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

